Previous year MCQs

Modern Indian History UPPSC 2000 GS-I
Question

Sir Thomas Munro is associated with the land revenue settlement:

Answer & Solution

Answer: (Detailed Solution Below)

Option C: Ryotwari Settlement

Detailed Solution:

The correct answer is “Ryotwari Settlement”.
1) The Permanent Settlement of Bengal was brought into effect by the Governor-General Lord Cornwallis in 1793. This was basically an agreement between the company and the Zamindars to fix the land revenue.

2) Ryotwari system of land revenue was instituted in the late 18th century by Sir Thomas Munro, Governor of Madras in 1820. This was practised in the Madras and Bombay areas, as well as Assam and Coorg provinces. In this system, the peasants or cultivators were regarded as the owners of the land.

3) The Mahalwari settlement was a land revenue system in British India that was introduced in 1822 by Holt Mackenzie and reviewed in 1833 by Lord William Bentinck. The system combined elements of the Zamindari and Ryotwari systems and was implemented in areas such as Agra, the North-West Frontier, Punjab, Central Province, and the Gangetic Valley. Under the Mahalwari system, the land revenue was collected from the farmers by the village headmen on behalf of the whole village.

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