Answer: (Detailed Solution Below)
Option B: 2.1
Detailed Solution:
The correct answer is “2.1”.
The estimated replacement or reproduction level per married couple to achieve zero population growth is generally considered to be slightly above 2.0, to account for mortality rates and other factors. The specific figure often cited is: (2) 2.1
This means that, on average, each couple needs to have approximately 2.1 children to replace themselves and maintain a stable population size over the long term.