Detailed Solution:
The correct answer is “Arab”.
Muḥammad ibn al-Qāsim al-Thaqafī was an Arab military commander in service of the Umayyad Caliphate who led the Muslim conquest of Sindh (and Punjab, part of ancient Sindh), inaugurating the Umayyad campaigns in India. Muhammad Bin-Qassim had invaded India in 712 AD.