Detailed Solution:
The correct answer is “Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A”.
Urbanization and industrialization can lead to social changes that create conditions for crime. Factors like poverty, lack of opportunity, and social disorganization can be more prevalent in rapidly growing cities.
Rapid social change associated with industrialization and urbanization can disrupt traditional family structures and cultural norms. This can lead to a sense of alienation and a breakdown of social control, potentially contributing to crime.